Time for a religious rant. Be warned, it'll probably be pretty boring.
I've always liked fortune cookies. Each contains a pithy little saying like "Be more serious and re-evaluate your motives" or "You'll have good luck and overcome many hardships." They're self-contained, they're complete, they demand no thought for the most part and no study, and there's no trying to figure out what the saying means. The fortune has a complete and absolute application in real life, even if it's a little vague in the specifics. It's no wonder a fortune cookie Bible is a temptation to Christians.
How many of you have ever memorized a Bible verse? Or rather, how many have ever had such a verse thrown at you? "Judge not lest ye be judged," "Ask and ye shall receive," "Whatever you bind on earth shall be bound in Heaven." Christians continuously face the temptation of treating the Bible as a collection of fortune cookie sayings, with each verse separated from the rest of the book, made absolute, and thrown about with no thought for the sentences that came before of after, and even less for the referent of the speaker or the context in which the words were spoken. It's as if the Bible was not made up of history, philosophy, poetry, biography, and prophecy, but rather was the world's biggest fortune cookie collection, waiting only for us to open it up, smack someone with 5 or 6 well-chosen words, and walk away smugly knowing that we have just given someone God's final word on what they are facing in their life.
One only need to reflect briefly on the above verses (with which most of us are probably familiar) to see that this is the case. Should we
never judge? Judge what? Does that mean the 10th DC Circuit is full of sinners**? How about teachers, who must judge homework every day? You may well answer, "That's not what Jesus meant," and you'd be right, but it takes a lot mot more than 6 words to explain what He meant. Why not use them all?
Jesus himself judged (and condemned) on occasion: "Woe to you, scribes and Pharisees, hypocrites! You are like whitewashed tombs which on the outside appear beautiful, but inside they are full of dead men's bones and all filth. Even so you outwardly appear righteous to men, but inwardly you are full of hypocrisy and lawlessness." It's no wonder they killed him, the hypocrite.
However, I'm not going to examine when it's right to judge or "the rules" for judging, just like I'm not going to criticize the judges on
American Idol***, I simply wish to point out that a minute's reflection will show that no 6 words can be extracted and used as a weapon of absolutism. Not even Jesus' most memorable words.
But from where does this temptation come? I believe it comes from the Bible itself. Not the Bible as written, but as it sits in our hands. This may come as a surprise to many, but Paul did not break his letters up into chapters, and each of his sentences (or partial sentences) did not begin on separate lines with little numbers in front of them. The recipients did not receive cross-references, inserted commentaries by their favorite authors, or the words of Jesus in red. They received letters or prophecies or poetry or history written from the heart and to a specific audience. It wasn't until the 12th Century that our 'modern' bibles with chapters and verses began to take shape, less than 800 years ago. Less than one-fourth of the time since many of the older books were written.
Yes, it makes for easy reference. If someone says to me, "For God so loved the world," I can find it at John 3:16. I can find Genesis 3:16 and Revelation 3:16 as well. It makes it easy to find what others are talking about. It makes it easy. There's the temptation, and the fact that you can't find a Bible (at least I haven't found one) that does not have such intrusions into the text shows that acceptance of the system is universal. But have we ever thought that perhaps breaking the Bible up into fortune cookie-sized pieces, though it helps us locate, might be more of a hindrance to our calling than a help?
There are several reasons why I think the the chapter/verse system quite possibly causes more harm than good. The first of them is that, put quite simply, chapters and verses cause us to make a subconscious break in thought. When you come to the end of the chapter, just like in a mystery novel, your mind tells you that the previous thought has been completed and that it's time to clear the decks in preparation for a new one. Next time you're reading, note how many times your mind reads the numbers, the chapter marks, even the breaking in the middle of sentences. It's convenient, because the little cloth marker between the pages combined with a chapter number in bold will tell you where to begin tomorrow. But it's not how the book was written or was meant to be read.
The second is smaller than the first, but complements it. The chapters and verses were simply added by men who thought they made a convenient stopping place. In other words, in many cases the chapters end not where the text would make a logical break, but simply where a chapter had gone long enough. And in several cases (one might argue many cases) they begin or end in the "wrong" place. For example, in Genesis there is a recurring verse-type called a
toledoth, which reads something like, "These are the generations of Adam" (the beginning of Genesis 5) or "These are the generations of Noah" (the beginning of Genesis 8). In the last century, it was discovered by archaeologists that when the ancients used toledoths they went at the end of a piece of material, not at the beginning. In other words, chapter and verse has separated the summaries of a half-dozen passages in Genesis and made them into misleading if subconscious introductions to the material that follows.
The third is most important, however, and that is that breaking the bible into little fortune cookies makes us lazy. It makes it easier for us to wield our favorite verses against one another, but harder to understand what the author meant. It makes it easier for Christians to say "Judge not," when we are being judged, rather than reflecting upon whether the judgment is just. It reduces God's word, painstakingly preserved for us by Jewish and Christian scholars for 4000 years, to a simple twelve-step philosophy of absolute fortune-cookie principles, while ignoring everything else the speaker was writing, especially the nearby material that modifies the absolutism.
If one wonders why Christians tend to be so absolute, so black-and-white, so immovable, perhaps the biggest reason is that in reducing God's word to a few pithy phrases which we memorize and wield, we have removed the real-life lessons, the deep and hard study, the flow of thought necessary to understand what God is really trying to say.
We have made God's word a fortune cookie collection. It is not surprising then that many of us have no more insight into real life than "Wine is a mocker," "Wives, be subject to your own husbands," or especially, "Bring the whole tithe into the storehouse." When we cease to read ALL of what God says to us in the complete thoughts he gave to us, we cease to think. And when we cease to think, we cease to be the witnesses of the One who created the mind.
* You'll have to forgive me if you've read this piece before. I just found a hard-copy of it (which I wrote originally in 2004) in the lovely and gracious Rogue's desk. I didn't see it in the archives, so I figured it would be safe to re-post.
** It might be, but if so, I don't know that. The 9th, on the other hand...
*** The original said, The Gong Show
, which dates me, I know.