Any system is better than no systemThis is going to be a different kind of entry, so if you own no stocks and have no interest in trading stocks - especially gold stocks - feel free to skip it. You won't hurt my feelings, I promise. But I feel it necessary in light of an article I read tonight called,
Please, proceed to the nearest exit. In it, I ran across something that relates to bw's question on conspiracy in the "Money Game" and also has to do with following your stock broker's recommendation:
But first, I must diffuse the “few bad apples” argument. In his book, The Pied Pipers of Wall Street: How Analysts Sell You Down the River, Benjamin Mark Cole notes that when it comes to Wall Street Analysts’ recommendations, the word “sell” is rarely, if ever, heard.
“Of 33,169 ‘buy,’ ‘sell,’ and ‘hold’ recommendations made by brokerage analysts in 1999, only 125 were pure sells. That means just 0.3 percent of recommendations were ‘sells,’ according to data put together by Zacks Investment Research. There were another 224 recommendations, or 0.7 percent, that could be interpreted as ‘sells,’ such as rankings with such tepid language as ‘market underperformer.’”
You can get good investment advice from your broker. He is often an expert worth listening to. But your broker's incentive is to get you to buy and hold stocks because his company's money is not usually made in commissions, but in helping companies issue stocks and bonds. Therefore your broker's advice is not a system that you will most likely profit from, but a system in which you will most likely accumulate a lot of stocks. That's good, of course, but profiting is better.
Any system you create, so long as it is designed to help you profit, will be better than simply following your broker's advice, which is really no "system" at all. Following your own system, even if it's not perfect, will do three things for you, all of which are necessary to make money over the long term: it will force you to be disciplined, it will force you to take profits, and (most importantly) it will force you to improve the system itself.
Before I start explaining one such system, there are a few things that must be said simply as a matter of priority. First things first. Before you buy gold stocks, buy some gold: the reasons that gold stocks might profit make it imperative that you have a little set aside. Before you buy any stocks, get your debt under control. Making taxable earnings in the market does you no good if you must pay those earnings out in credit card interest. Save your pennies, have a good handle on your budget, and since gold stocks are extremely volatile, only invest money that you can afford to lose. That doesn't mean money you don't care about, but it does mean money that you are not counting on to pay for food, clothing, or housing.
Now that you've done those things, here's one system (of literally millions):
1) Based on how much money you have to invest, choose a number of stocks and an amount ( a range, like $3k-$6k) you are willing to invest in each. Let's say you have $25k to start with (you can go less and probably will start with less, but just work with me). Pick 5 stocks and put $3k into each. That gives you 5 companies you expect will appreciate and $10k in cash. Cash is important as we will see later. Choose as many companies as you can reasonably follow (~5 for beginners) and learn what they do and how they do it. If you tell your broker your objectives, this is one place he may be able to help a lot.
2) When the value of one of those stocks hits the top of the range, sell enough to bring you safely back in range. The hardest part of any system is not picking stocks that will go up - all stocks go up and down - but profiting when they do. You must make yourself take profits, because selling a winner is not a natural act.
I hit this exact problem last week, when my Kinross Gold warrants took off. I had 5000 of them, and when they crossed the $6k level, I sold a chunk of them to bring me back in range. When they crossed again, I sold another chunk to keep me in range. I could have held them all, after all Kinross was on fire and it was hard to sell something that seemed to rise every day. But I'm glad I sold, because gold got whacked this week, dropping the value from $6k to ~$4k, Because I pocketed profits, the loss hurt me less than if I had ridden them all back down. Now I have cash to go back in at a lower price.
3) When the value of one of those stocks drops below $3k, re-evaluate the position. If you expect (not hope, EXPECT) it to recover, buy a chunk big enough to bring your holdings back into your range. Do not buy just because the price has dropped, but only when it has dropped out of your range. That will ensure that you are buying low and selling high. It will also ensure that you are constantly building cash, because stocks will naturally rise and fall and you'll spend less than you earn.
If you have no cash available, that is an indication that you need to adjust your system, either taking on fewer stocks or lowering your top ranges. You should try to keep at least 20% in cash for when you find the perfect deal, but you'll gain a comfort level yourself. Many of these numbers are not meaningful in themselves, they exist simply to help you build discipline. And market accidents happen. Holding cash will mean you are ready to buy when blood is running in the streets.
4) When the potential of a position is realized, sell even if it has not gone out of your range. I hit this today with Cambior warrants, and it's a good lesson. It was announced today that Cambior would be bought out for ~$4 a share. The warrants converted at $3 a share, making the potential of the warrants about $1 a share. The price was $1.17, so I sold them all. Once your potential is realized, it's time to find a new position. You have won the game, leave the field. Conversely if a position looks like it will never reach its potential, sell even if you must take a loss to do so. There are too many fish in the sea to hold the suckers and there is no shame in losing money on a trade. The only shame is losing more than you must.
5) Create your position size based on your comfort with the company. I have many stocks that are worth owning but are too dangerous to invest $5k in, so for them a range of $1k to $2k is appropriate. Others are larger because the companies are more stable or bigger or any number of reasons. The system should be modified so you can sleep at night. If you lay awake worried about the $3k you have in xyz company, either you know in your gut it's a bad investment or you are not cut out for this kind of investing. It's best to be honest with yourself early. Your nerves know what you can handle, follow them in the short term. Your tolerance will build as your experience does.
6) Have a pipeline of stocks you want to own and have a target date or price, but do not allow yourself to buy just because you have money - discipline again - study the companies and be patient. In my own case, I know of a natural gas company that is undervalued, is stocked up with cash, and has rising production. But natural gas is dropping. There is simply no need to buy it yet, and waiting builds discipline. When the natgas market turns up again, that will be the time to buy. The stock's price will likely be near its lows at that point as well.
Money is made in the buy (paying too much is profit lost) and in the sell (a stock that you don't sell brings no profit), and it is critical to watch both ends. A system can tell you when to sell or when to buy more, but it cannot make you open good positions. You'll need to do your own homework.
The purpose of this is not to illustrate a perfect system, for there isn't one. It's to illustrate that since you are on your own, you must construct a system that forces you to take profits and re-evaluate companies that you are not profiting from. Your broker is not in this business to make you rich; he's in it to make himself rich. Your profits are your own responsibility, and frankly, your greatest reward.
One final word about leverage: Don't. Never, never, never buy volatile stocks on margin, the money boys will clean you out. The only way to control your own destiny is to own your positions outright, unencumbered by any debt or margin. If you have margin, one bad day can force you to sell what you ought to be buying and can steal the earnings of many successful trades. If you absolutely must use leverage, buy long-term warrants, but learn the ropes before getting in the big ring. A fool and his money are soon parted, and an amateur with a margin account is a fool.
Caveat Emptor.